Datapunk Opus23 | Xanthomonas

Xanthomonas

RANK: Genus

TAXONOMY: cellular organisms -> Bacteria -> Proteobacteria -> Gammaproteobacteria -> Xanthomonadales -> Xanthomonadaceae -> Xanthomonas

OVERVIEW:

Straight rods, 0.4–0.6 × 0.8–2.0 μm, mostly single or in pairs, occasionally short chains, filaments rarely seen. Gram negative. Do not produce poly-β-hydroxybutyrate inclusions, nor have sheaths, prosthecae, or resting stages. Motile by a single polar flagellum. Obligately aerobic, having a strictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. No denitrification or nitrate reduction occurs. Colonies are usually yellow, smooth and butyrous, mucoid or viscid. The pigments are highly characteristic brominated aryl polyenes or “xanthomonadins”. A characteristic extracellular acidic heteropolysaccharide called xanthan is produced by most strains giving the viscous consistency. Growth is inhibited by 6% NaCl, 30% glucose, 0.01% lead acetate, methyl green, or thionin, and by 0.1% (and usually by 0.02%) triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. Catalase positive; oxidase negative or weak; urease not produced. H2S is usually produced, but not indole or acetoin. Acid is not produced in litmus milk or purple milk. Chemoorganotrophic; able to use various carbohydrates and salts of organic acids as sole carbon sources. Small amounts of acid are produced from many carbohydrates, but not from l-rhamnose, adonitol, sorbose, d-sorbitol, meso-inositol, or meso-erythritol. Metabolic activity is shown in Biolog GN microplate tests with d-fructose, d-glucose, d-mannose and methylpyruvate, but not with α-cyclodextrin, adonitol, d-arabitol, meso-erythritol, meso-inositol, xylitol, d-glucosaminate, γ-hydroxybutyrate, itaconate, sebacate, l-ornithine, l-pyroglutamate, d-serine, d,l-carnitine, γ-aminobutyrate, phenylethylamine, putrescine, 2-aminoethanol, or 2,3-butanediol. l-asparagine, l-glutamine, and glycine cannot be used as sole sources of both carbon and nitrogen. Among the nine fatty acids that predominate in whole cell preparations are 9-methyl decanoic acid (C11:0 iso), 3-hydroxy-9-methyl decanoic acid (C11:0 iso 3OH), and 3-hydroxy-11-methyl dodecanoic acid (C13:0 iso 3OH), which are highly characteristic of this genus. The ubiquinone that is present has eight isoprene units. Spermidine is the main polyamine; spermine is usually detectable, but not 2-hydroxyputrescine or 1,3-diaminopropane. Species so far described are plant pathogens or are plant associated.The mol% G + C of the DNA is: 63.3–69.7 (Tm).Type species: Xanthomonas campestris

Microbial Abundance Data: Xanthomonas (Percent of total population with standard deviation [PMID: 22698087])
Group 1				Group 2					Group 3			Group 4
Group 1 Avg	Buccal Mucosa	Keratinized Gingiva	Hard Palate	Group 2 Avg	Throat	Throat	Tonsils	Saliva	Group 3 Avg	Supragingival Plaque	Subgingival Plaque	Stool
0.000 % (0.001)	0.000 % (0.000)	0.000 % (0.003)	0.000 % (0.000)	0.000 % (0.002)	0.001 % (0.009)	0.000 % (0.000)	0.000 % (0.000)	0.000 % (0.000)	0.000 % (0.000)	0.000 % (0.000)	0.000 % (0.001)	0.000 % (0.000)

TAGS

Keystone	Core species	Type species	Pathogen	Dysbiosis associated	Flora/ commensal	Gut associated	Probiotic
Leanness	Obesity	Skin microbiome	Fecal distribution	Oral microbiome	Vaginal microbiome	Butyrate producer	Catalase producer
Histamine producer	Food fermenter	Amylolytic	Propionate producer	Nitrifying

DESCENDANTS Xanthomonas albilineans Xanthomonas alfalfae Xanthomonas arboricola Xanthomonas axonopodis Xanthomonas bromi Xanthomonas campestris Xanthomonas cassavae Xanthomonas citri group Xanthomonas codiaei Xanthomonas cucurbitae Xanthomonas cynarae Xanthomonas dyei Xanthomonas euvesicatoria Xanthomonas fragariae Xanthomonas gardneri Xanthomonas hortorum Xanthomonas hyacinthi Xanthomonas melonis Xanthomonas oryzae Xanthomonas perforans Xanthomonas pisi Xanthomonas populi Xanthomonas retroflexus Xanthomonas sacchari Xanthomonas sp. Xanthomonas sp. oral taxon 037 Xanthomonas theicola Xanthomonas translucens Xanthomonas vasicola Xanthomonas vesicatoria [Pseudomonas] cissicola environmental samples	INTERACTIONS	KEGG PATHWAYS 2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism ABC transporters Acarbose and validamycin biosynthesis Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis Aminobenzoate degradation Arachidonic acid metabolism Arginine and proline metabolism Arginine biosynthesis Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism Bacterial chemotaxis Bacterial secretion system Base excision repair Benzoate degradation Biosynthesis of amino acids Biosynthesis of antibiotics Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids Biotin metabolism Butanoate metabolism C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism Caprolactam degradation Carbapenem biosynthesis Carbon metabolism Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) Cyanoamino acid metabolism Cysteine and methionine metabolism D-Alanine metabolism D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism DNA replication Degradation of aromatic compounds Ether lipid metabolism Fatty acid biosynthesis Fatty acid degradation Fatty acid metabolism Flagellar assembly Fluorobenzoate degradation Folate biosynthesis Fructose and mannose metabolism Galactose metabolism Geraniol degradation Glutathione metabolism Glycerolipid metabolism Glycerophospholipid metabolism Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism Histidine metabolism Homologous recombination Inositol phosphate metabolism Limonene and pinene degradation Linoleic acid metabolism Lipoic acid metabolism Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis Lysine biosynthesis Lysine degradation Metabolic pathways Methane metabolism Microbial metabolism in diverse environments Mismatch repair Monobactam biosynthesis Naphthalene degradation Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism Nitrogen metabolism Nitrotoluene degradation Non-homologous end-joining Nonribosomal peptide structures Novobiocin biosynthesis Nucleotide excision repair One carbon pool by folate Other glycan degradation Oxidative phosphorylation Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis Pentose and glucuronate interconversions Pentose phosphate pathway Peptidoglycan biosynthesis Phenylalanine metabolism Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism Phosphotransferase system (PTS) Plant-pathogen interaction Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism Propanoate metabolism Protein export Purine metabolism Pyrimidine metabolism Pyruvate metabolism Quorum sensing00253 RNA degradation RNA polymerase Riboflavin metabolism Ribosome Selenocompound metabolism Sphingolipid metabolism Starch and sucrose metabolism Streptomycin biosynthesis Styrene degradation Sulfur metabolism Sulfur relay system Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis Thiamine metabolism Toluene degradation Tryptophan metabolism Two-component system Tyrosine metabolism Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation Vancomycin resistance Vitamin B6 metabolism Xylene degradation alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism beta-Alanine metabolism beta-Lactam resistance CLUSTERS WITH	METABOLOMICS NUTRIENTS/ SUBSTRATES ENDPRODUCTS INHIBITED BY ENHANCED BY BIOTRANSFORMS BIOTRANFORM
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Streptomycin (aph6id) Streptomycin (aph33ib) Fluoroquinolone (smea)	BIOFILM FORMERS	COGEM PATHOGENICITY Xanthomonas translucens (2) Xanthomonas vesicatoria (2)

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