Datapunk Opus23 | Azotobacter

Azotobacter

RANK: Genus

TAXONOMY: Bacteria -> Proteobacteria -> Gammaproteobacteria -> Pseudomonadales -> Pseudomonadaceae -> Azotobacter group -> Azotobacter

OVERVIEW:

Cells range from straight rods with rounded ends to more ellipsoidal or coccoid, depending on the culture medium and age. Cells are up to 2 μm or more in diameter and 4 μm in length. A. paspali cells are usually longer, 5–10 µm in length, and can be filamentous, up to 60 µm long. Cells are usually single but may occur in pairs, irregular clumps (especially with A. paspali), or, more rarely, in chains of varying length. Encystment occurs during late stationary phase at low frequency or at high frequency after culturing on butanol. Motile with peritrichous flagella or nonmotile. Aerobic, having a strictly respiratory type of metabolism with oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. Nitrogen is fixed under microaerobic conditions (2% oxygen), under full aerobiosis, or after adaptation in hyperbaric oxygen. N2 fixation uses Mo-, V-, or Fe-containing nitrogenase enzymes, depending on the environmental metal supply. Water-soluble and water-insoluble pigments are produced by some strains of all species. Growth is heterotrophic; sugars, alcohols, and salts of organic acids are used as carbon sources. Ammonium salts, nitrate, and urea are used as sources of fixed nitrogen. Very few amino acids are used, probably due to a general deficiency in amino acid transport. The minimum pH for growth in the presence of fixed nitrogen sources ranges from 4.8 to 6.0 with maximum pH 8.5. The optimum pH for diazotrophic growth is 7.0–7.5. Most isolates are from soil, but a few are from water. One species (A. paspali) has been isolated only from roots of the tropical grass Paspalum notatum.The mol% G + C of the DNA is: 63.2–67.5.Type species: Azotobacter chroococcum

TAGS

Keystone	Core species	Type species	Pathogen	Dysbiosis associated	Flora/ commensal	Gut associated	Probiotic
Leanness	Obesity	Skin microbiome	Fecal distribution	Oral microbiome	Vaginal microbiome	Butyrate producer	Catalase producer
Histamine producer	Food fermenter	Amylolytic	Propionate producer	Nitrifying

DESCENDANTS Azotobacter armeniacus Azotobacter beijerinckii Azotobacter chroococcum Azotobacter nigricans Azotobacter salinestris Azotobacter tropicalis Azotobacter vinelandii environmental samples	INTERACTIONS	KEGG PATHWAYS 2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism ABC transporters Acarbose and validamycin biosynthesis Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis Aminobenzoate degradation Arachidonic acid metabolism Arginine and proline metabolism Arginine biosynthesis Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism Bacterial chemotaxis Bacterial secretion system Base excision repair Benzoate degradation Biosynthesis of amino acids Biosynthesis of antibiotics Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibiotics Biotin metabolism Butanoate metabolism C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism Caprolactam degradation Carbapenem biosynthesis Carbon metabolism Carotenoid biosynthesis Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) Cyanoamino acid metabolism Cysteine and methionine metabolism D-Alanine metabolism D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism DNA replication Degradation of aromatic compounds Dioxin degradation Fatty acid biosynthesis Fatty acid degradation Fatty acid metabolism Flagellar assembly Fluorobenzoate degradation Folate biosynthesis Fructose and mannose metabolism Galactose metabolism Geraniol degradation Glutathione metabolism Glycerolipid metabolism Glycerophospholipid metabolism Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism Histidine metabolism Homologous recombination Inositol phosphate metabolism Limonene and pinene degradation Lipoic acid metabolism Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis Lysine biosynthesis Lysine degradation Metabolic pathways Methane metabolism Microbial metabolism in diverse environments Mismatch repair Monobactam biosynthesis Naphthalene degradation Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism Nitrogen metabolism Nitrotoluene degradation Novobiocin biosynthesis Nucleotide excision repair One carbon pool by folate Oxidative phosphorylation Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis Pentose and glucuronate interconversions Pentose phosphate pathway Peptidoglycan biosynthesis Phenylalanine metabolism Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis Phosphotransferase system (PTS) Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism Propanoate metabolism Protein export Purine metabolism Pyrimidine metabolism Pyruvate metabolism Quorum sensing00253 RNA degradation RNA polymerase Riboflavin metabolism Ribosome Selenocompound metabolism Starch and sucrose metabolism Steroid degradation Streptomycin biosynthesis Styrene degradation Sulfur metabolism Sulfur relay system Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis Thiamine metabolism Toluene degradation Tryptophan metabolism Two-component system Tyrosine metabolism Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation Vancomycin resistance Vitamin B6 metabolism Xylene degradation alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism beta-Alanine metabolism beta-Lactam resistance CLUSTERS WITH	METABOLOMICS NUTRIENTS/ SUBSTRATES ENDPRODUCTS INHIBITED BY ENHANCED BY BIOTRANSFORMS BIOTRANFORM
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Chloramphenicol (mexf) Fluoroquinolone (mexf)	BIOFILM FORMERS	COGEM PATHOGENICITY

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