Micromonospora
RANK: Genus
TAXONOMY: Bacteria -> Terrabacteria group -> Actinobacteria -> Actinobacteria -> Micromonosporales -> Micromonosporaceae -> Micromonospora
OVERVIEW:
Well-developed, branched, substrate mycelium (0.2–0.6 µm diameter). Nonmotile spores are borne singly, sessile, or terminally on short sporophores. Sporophore development is monopodial or in some cases sympodial. Spores are spherical to oval in shape (0.7–1.5 µm) and in most species have blunt spiny projections. The spores are often carried in branched clusters on short hyphae of the substrate mycelium. Aerial mycelium is usually absent, but some cultures develop sterile short aerial hyphae. Gram-stain-positive, mesophilic, non-acid-fast. Aerobic to microaerophilic. Chemo-organotrophic. Sensitive to pH below 5.0. Growth usually occurs between 20 and 40°C, but not above 50°C. Cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid and/or 3-OH-diaminopimelic acid. Arabinose and xylose are the characteristic sugars present in whole-organism hydrolysates of most species, but variable amounts of galactose, glucose, mannose, and rhamnose can also be found depending on the species. The major phospholipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are present, mostly C15:0 iso, C17:0 iso, C15:0 anteiso, C17:0 anteiso, C17:0 10-methyl, and C17:0 10-methyl. Mycolic acids are absent. Major menaquinones are MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6), MK-10(H4), MK-10(H6), or MK-12(H6). Isolated from soil, plant materials, freshwater, and marine environments.
DNA G+C content (mol%): 68–75 (Tm, HPLC).
Type species: Micromonospora chalcea
This genus contains microbial species that can reside in the human gastrointestinal tract. [PMC 4262072]
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