Lactobacillus hilgardii

RANK: Species

TAXONOMY: Terrabacteria group -> Firmicutes -> Bacilli -> Lactobacillales -> Lactobacillaceae -> Lactobacillus -> Lactobacillus hilgardii

OVERVIEW:

Lactobacillus hilgardii (also known as Lacobacillus vermiforme) is a species of bacterium found in wine, dairy products, and wine musts. Its morphology is consistent (on a cellular level) of rods that are 0.5–0.8 micrometres of both single short chains and long filament like structures. On a colony level, the bacteria appears glossy, round and white. For study, the bacteria requires malt agar and can ferment maltose, but often also requires yeast extract in order to ferment properly. To study L. hilgardii in liquid requires growing it in Elliker broth so it can show turbidity and gas formation. Grams strain of the bacteria are positive. L. hilgardii is considered a negative catalase (enzyme that decomposes hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water) and creates lactic acid, ethanol/acetic acid, and carbon dioxide. Along with this it is capable of sometimes producing biogenic amines or histamine and ethyl carbamate, which causes health risks. Identified as constituent of vaginal microbiome. [PMID:23282177]

1

COGEM

COGEM released a comprehensive database of pathogenicity assessment of around 2575 bacterial species in 2011. The database ranks the pathogenicity of species on a scale of 1 to 4. Lactobacillus hilgardii ranks 1 on this scale: The species or strain does not belong to a recognized group of disease-invoking agents in humans or animals and/or has an extended history of safe usage under conditions without any physical restrictions

TAGS

Keystone	Core species	Type species	Pathogen	Dysbiosis associated	Flora/ commensal	Gut associated	Probiotic
Leanness	Obesity	Skin microbiome	Fecal distribution	Oral microbiome	Vaginal microbiome	Butyrate producer	Catalase producer
Histamine producer	Food fermenter	Amylolytic	Propionate producer	Nitrifying	Biofilm producer

INTERACTIONS INHIBITS Clostridioides difficile Enterococcus	KEGG PATHWAYS CLUSTERS WITH	METABOLOMICS NUTRIENTS/ SUBSTRATES Ellagic acid [parent] D-Glucose [parent] CO2 [parent] α-Glucan [parent] ENDPRODUCTS Urolithins [parent] Lactate [parent] Acetylcholine [parent] γ-Amino butyric acid (GABA) [parent] Vitamin B12 [parent] Trimethylamine [parent] Lactic acid [parent] INHIBITED BY Stevia [parent] Laminaria hyperborea (curvie) [parent] Chemotherapy [parent] Magnesium-deficient diet [parent] Glyphosphate [parent] High fat diet [parent] Sucralose (Splenda) [parent] ENHANCED BY Sesame cake/meal [parent] Almonds/ almond skins [parent] Navy bean (Cooked) [parent] Magnesium [parent] Daesiho-tang (DSHT) [parent] Resveratrol [parent] Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) [parent] Laminaria digitata (oarweed) [parent] Melatonin [parent] BIOTRANSFORMS Linoleic acid (LA) [parent] Linolenic acid (CLnA) [parent] BIOTRANFORM 10‐Hydroxy‐cis‐12‐octadecenoate (HYA) [parent] Trans-11 conjugate linoleic acid (CLA) [parent] Cis-9 conjugate linoleic acid (CLA) [parent] Cis-15 conjugate linolenic acids (CLnA) [parent] Cis-9 conjugate linolenic acids (CLnA) [parent] 10-Hydroxyoctadecanoate (HYB) [parent] Trans-11 conjugate linolenic acids (CLnA) [parent]
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE See Parent Genus (Lactobacillus)	BIOFILM FORMERS See Parent Genus (Lactobacillus)	COGEM PATHOGENICITY See Parent Genus (Lactobacillus)