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CellulomonasRANK: GenusTAXONOMY: Bacteria -> Terrabacteria group -> Actinobacteria -> Actinobacteria -> Micrococcales -> Cellulomonadaceae -> Cellulomonas OVERVIEW: In young cultures, slender, irregular rods ∼∼0.3–0.7 µm × ∼1.0–4.0 µm or more which may be straight, angular, or slightly curved; some of the rods are arranged at an angle to each other giving V formations. Occasional cells may show primary branching. A mycelium is produced by one species. Cultures a week or more old usually contain mainly short rods, but a small proportion of the cells may be coccoid. Nonsporeforming. Gram-stain-positive, but the cells are very readily decolorized. Not acid fast. Motile by one (usually polar or subpolar) or a few lateral flagella, or nonmotile. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contains ornithine; dicarboxylic acids are either glutamic acid or aspartic acid. The major isoprenoid quinones are tetrahydrogenated quinones with nine isoprene units [MK-9(H4)]. Aerobic; most strains also capable of anaerobic growth as stab cultures. Optimum temperature ∼30°C. Growth moderate on peptone-yeast extract media at neutral pH giving opaque, usually convex, white, yellowish, or yellow colonies. Chemoorganotrophic: metabolism primarily respiratory, but also fermentative; most strains produce acid from glucose both aerobically and anaerobically. Most strains are cellulolytic and reduce nitrate. Phylogenetically a member of the order Micrococcales. DNA G+C content (mol%): 68.5–76. Type species: Cellulomonas flavigena This genus contains microbial species that can reside in the human gastrointestinal tract. [PMC 4262072]
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