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MethylomonasRANK: GenusTAXONOMY: cellular organisms -> Bacteria -> Proteobacteria -> Gammaproteobacteria -> Methylococcales -> Methylococcaceae -> Methylomonas OVERVIEW: 'Methylomonas' is a genus of bacteria that obtain their carbon and energy from methane, a metabolic process called methanotrophy.Straight or slightly curved rods 0.5–1.0 × 1.0–4.0 µm, occurring singly or in pairs. Form a polysaccharide-containing cyst that is desiccation sensitive. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules usually present. Motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Gram negative. Have a strictly aerobic respiratory metabolism, with oxygen as the electron acceptor. Obligate utilizers of methane and methanol for carbon and energy. No growth occurs on carbon–carbon bonded compounds. Fix formaldehyde by the ribulose monophosphate pathway. Ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase activity is absent. Some species fix atmospheric nitrogen via an oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase. Form red, pink, and orange carotenoid non-water soluble pigments. Mesophilic, growing between 10–40°C, optimal growth temperatures 25–30°C. Non-halophilic. Major fatty acids include C14:0 and C16:1 ω8c. 18-Methyleneubiquinone-8 (MQ-8) is the predominant lipoquinone. Habitat: Isolated from sediments of freshwater lakes and rivers, wetland muds, activated sludge and wastewater, and coal mine drainage waters. Belongs to the Gammaproteobacteria as part of the Order Methylococcales, Family Methylococcaceae.The mol% G + C of the DNA is: 50–59 (Tm).Type species: Methylomonas methanica
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