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MicrococcusRANK: GenusTAXONOMY: Bacteria -> Terrabacteria group -> Actinobacteria -> Actinobacteria -> Micrococcales -> Micrococcaceae -> Micrococcus OVERVIEW: Identified as constituent of skin microbiome. [PMC2746716] Cells are spherical and nonmotile. Endospores are not formed. Gram-stain-positive. Aerobic. Chemo-organotrophic, metabolism is strictly respiratory. Catalase- and oxidase-positive. Mesophilic. Non halophilic. The peptidoglycan contains I-lysine as the diagnostic diamino acid. The peptidoglycan type is either A2, with the interpeptide bridge consisting of a stem peptide or A4α both with lysine as the diagnostic diamino acid. The predominant menaquinones are either MK-8 and MK-8(H2) or MK-8(H2) or MK-7(H2). The cytochromes are aa3, b557, b567, d626; cytochromes c550, c551, b563, b564 and b567 may be present. Polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unknown glycolipid, and an unknown ninhydrin-negative phospholipid. The cellular fatty acids are iso- and anteiso-branched fatty acids, with C15:0 anteiso and C15:0 iso predominating. The major aliphatic hydrocarbons (br-Δ-C) are C27 to C29. Mycolic acids and teichonic acids are absent; teichuronic acids may be present. Mannosamine-uronic acid may be present as an amino sugar in the cell-wall polysaccharide. d-Arabinose, p-arbutin, d-cellobiose, d-galactose, d-melibiose, d-ribose, and salicin are not assimilated. Members of the genus share the Micrococcaceae-specific signature nucleotides at positions 293:304, 610, 598, 615:625, 1025:1036, 1026:1035, 1265:1270, and 1278 of the 16S rRNA gene sequence (Escherichia coli numbering) and lack the signature nucleotides at positions 640, 839:847, and 859 (Stackebrandt et al., 1997). DNA G+C content (mol%): 69–76. Type species: Micrococcus luteus This genus contains microbial species that can reside in the human gastrointestinal tract. [PMC 4262072]
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