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AchromobacterRANK: GenusTAXONOMY: cellular organisms -> Bacteria -> Proteobacteria -> Betaproteobacteria -> Burkholderiales -> Alcaligenaceae -> Achromobacter OVERVIEW: Straight rods, 0.8–1.2 × 2.5–3.0 µm with rounded ends. Gram negative. Nonsporeforming. Motile with 1–20 sheathed flagella arranged peritrichously. Obligately aerobic and nonfermentative. Some strains are capable of anaerobic respiration with nitrate as the electron acceptor. They perform nitrate respiration combined with nitrite and nitrous oxide respiration. Some strains are facultative lithoautotrophic hydrogen-oxidizers. Oxidase positive. Catalase positive. Urease, DNase, phenylalanine deaminase, lysine and ornithine decarboxylase, arginine dihydrolase, and gelatinase negative. Nonhalophilic, nonhemolytic, nonpigmented. Chemoorganotrophic, using a variety of organic acids and amino acids as carbon sources. Carbohydrates usually not utilized. Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans and Achromobacter ruhlandii utilize d-glucose as sole carbon source and produce acid from d-glucose, d-arabinose, and d-xylose. Those strains analyzed contain the characteristic fatty acids C17:0 cyclo, C16:0, C14:0 3OH, C16:1, C12:0 2OH, and ubiquinone Q-8. The polyamine patterns display putrescine as the major compound and contain the unusual diamine 2-hydroxyputrescine.The mol% G + C of the DNA is: 65–68. Type species: Achromobacter xylosoxidans This genus contains microbial species that can reside in the human gastrointestinal tract. [PMC 4262072]
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