Clostridium

RANK: Genus

TAXONOMY: Bacteria -> Terrabacteria group -> Firmicutes -> Clostridia -> Clostridiales -> Clostridiaceae -> Clostridium

OVERVIEW:

'Clostridium' is a genus of Gram-positive species of pathogenic bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes. They are obligate anaerobes capable of producing endospores. Individual cells are rod-shaped, which gives them their name, from the Greek 'kloster' or spindle. These characteristics traditionally defined the genus; but many species originally classified as Clostridium have been reclassified in other genera. Clostridia are rod-shaped, but when producing spores they appear more like drumsticks with a bulge at one end. Most clostridia are obligate fermenters. They ferment by pathways that generate organic solvents such as butanol. Rods, usually stain Gram-positive at least in very early stages of growth, although in some species Gram-stain-positive cells have not been seen. Motile or nonmotile. When motile, cells usually are peritrichous. The majority of species form oval or spherical endospores that usually distend the cell. DNA G+C content (mol%): 22–53. Type species: Clostridium butyricum

This genus contains microbial species that can reside in the human gastrointestinal tract. [PMC 4262072]

An endo-beta-galactosidase designated E-ABase from Clostridium perfringens is capable of liberating both the A trisaccharide (A-Tri; GalNAcalpha1-->3(Fucalpha1-->2)Gal) and B trisaccharide (B-Tri; Galalpha1-->3(Fucalpha1-->2)Gal) from glycoconjugates containing blood group A and B glycotopes, respectively. [PMID 15618227]


Gut associated
Dysbiosis associated
Butyrate producer
Fecal distribution
Microbial Abundance Data: Clostridium
Percent of total population with standard deviation [PMID: 22698087]. Percentages > 1% highlighted.
Buccal
Mucosa
Keratinized
Gingiva
Hard
Palate
Throat
Tonsils
Saliva
Stool
0.155 %
(2.014)
0.000 %
(0.002)
0.007 %
(0.040)
0.007 %
(0.028)
0.000 %
(0.002)
0.017 %
(0.204)
0.033 %
(0.132)
DESCENDANTS
  • Candidatus Clostridium anorexicamassiliense
  • Candidatus Clostridium massiliensis
  • Candidatus Clostridium timonensis
  • Clostridium aceticum
  • Clostridium acetireducens
  • Clostridium acetobutylicum
  • Clostridium acidisoli
  • Clostridium aciditolerans
  • Clostridium aestuarii
  • Clostridium akagii
  • Clostridium alcalibutyricum
  • Clostridium alcaliphilum
  • Clostridium algidicarnis
  • Clostridium algifaecis
  • Clostridium algoriphilum
  • Clostridium amazonense
  • Clostridium aminobutyricum
  • Clostridium aminovorans
  • Clostridium amylolyticum
  • Clostridium arbusti
  • Clostridium argentinense
  • Clostridium aurantibutyricum
  • Clostridium autoethanogenum
  • Clostridium baratii
  • Clostridium beijerinckii
  • Clostridium bogorii
  • Clostridium boliviensis
  • Clostridium bornimense
  • Clostridium botulinum
  • Clostridium bovipellis
  • Clostridium bowmanii
  • Clostridium butyricum
  • Clostridium cadaveris
  • Clostridium caliptrosporum
  • Clostridium caminithermale
  • Clostridium carboxidivorans
  • Clostridium carnis
  • Clostridium cavendishii
  • Clostridium celatum
  • Clostridium cellulovorans
  • Clostridium chartatabidum
  • Clostridium chauvoei
  • Clostridium chromiireducens
  • Clostridium cochlearium
  • Clostridium colicanis
  • Clostridium collagenovorans
  • Clostridium corinoforum
  • Clostridium coskatii
  • Clostridium crotonatovorans
  • Clostridium cylindrosporum
  • Clostridium dakarense
  • Clostridium diolis
  • Clostridium disporicum
  • Clostridium drakei
  • Clostridium elmenteitii
  • Clostridium estertheticum
  • Clostridium fallax
  • Clostridium favososporum
  • Clostridium felsineum
  • Clostridium filamentosum
  • Clostridium formicaceticum
  • Clostridium frigidicarnis
  • Clostridium frigoriphilum
  • Clostridium frigoris
  • Clostridium fusiformis
  • Clostridium ganghwense
  • Clostridium gasigenes
  • Clostridium grantii
  • Clostridium haemolyticum
  • Clostridium halophilum
  • Clostridium homopropionicum
  • Clostridium huakuii
  • Clostridium hveragerdense
  • Clostridium hydrogeniformans
  • Clostridium hydrolyticum
  • Clostridium intestinale
  • Clostridium isatidis
  • Clostridium islandicum
  • Clostridium kluyveri
  • Clostridium lacusfryxellense
  • Clostridium liquoris
  • Clostridium ljungdahlii
  • Clostridium longisporum
  • Clostridium lundense
  • Clostridium luticellarii
  • Clostridium magnum
  • Clostridium malenominatum
  • Clostridium maritimum
  • Clostridium maximum
  • Clostridium metallolevans
  • Clostridium moniliforme
  • Clostridium neonatale
  • Clostridium nitrophenolicum
  • Clostridium novyi
  • Clostridium oceanicum
  • Clostridium oryzae
  • Clostridium paraputrificum
  • Clostridium pascui
  • Clostridium pasteurianum
  • Clostridium peptidivorans
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Clostridium polyendosporum
  • Clostridium polynesiense
  • Clostridium proteolyticus
  • Clostridium psychrophilum
  • Clostridium punense
  • Clostridium puniceum
  • Clostridium putrefaciens
  • Clostridium quinii
  • Clostridium ragsdalei
  • Clostridium roseum
  • Clostridium ruminantium
  • Clostridium saccharobutylicum
  • Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum
  • Clostridium sardiniense
  • Clostridium sartagoforme
  • Clostridium scatologenes
  • Clostridium schirmacherense
  • Clostridium senegalense
  • Clostridium septicum
  • Clostridium sordelli
  • Clostridium sp.
  • Clostridium sp. LAM0A37
  • Clostridium sporogenes
  • Clostridium subterminale
  • Clostridium sulfidigenes
  • Clostridium swellfunianum
  • Clostridium taeniosporum
  • Clostridium tagluense
  • Clostridium tarantellae
  • Clostridium tepidiprofundi
  • Clostridium tertium
  • Clostridium tetani
  • Clostridium tetanomorphum
  • Clostridium thermobutyricum
  • Clostridium thermopalmarium
  • Clostridium thermophilus
  • Clostridium thiosulfatireducens
  • Clostridium tunisiense
  • Clostridium tyrobutyricum
  • Clostridium uliginosum
  • Clostridium uzonii
  • Clostridium venationis
  • Clostridium ventriculi
  • Clostridium vincentii
  • Clostridium vulturis
  • [Butyribacterium] methylotrophicum
  • environmental samples
    		•
    INTERACTIONS
    Clostridium enhances growth of
  • Bacteroidales
  • Bacteroides
  • Odoribacter
  • Peptococcaceae

    • Clostridium inhibits growth of
  • Adlercreutzia
  • Bifidobacterium
  • Blautia
  • Campylobacteraceae
  • Clostridiales Family XIII. Incertae Sedis
  • Clostridiales incertae sedis
  • Clostridium
  • Collinsella
  • Coprococcus
  • Coriobacteriales
  • Dialister
  • Dorea
  • Erysipelotrichaceae
  • Lachnospiraceae
  • Porphyromonas
  • Prevotella
  • Ruminococcaceae
  • Ruminococcus

    • Clostridium growth inhibited by
  • Acetivibrio
  • Acidaminococcus
  • Adlercreutzia
  • Akkermansia
  • Alcaligenaceae
  • Alistipes
  • Bacteroidales
  • Bacteroides
  • Bifidobacterium
  • Bilophila
  • Blautia
  • Campylobacteraceae
  • Catabacteriaceae
  • Clostridiales
  • Clostridiales Family XIII. Incertae Sedis
  • Clostridiales incertae sedis
  • Clostridium
  • Collinsella
  • Coprococcus
  • Coriobacteriales
  • Desulfovibrio
  • Dialister
  • Dorea
  • Enterobacteriaceae
  • Erysipelotrichaceae
  • Escherichia
  • Eubacterium
  • Faecalibacterium
  • Holdemania
  • Lachnobacterium
  • Lachnospira
  • Lachnospiraceae
  • Odoribacter
  • Oscillospira
  • Oxalobacter
  • Parabacteroides
  • Peptococcaceae
  • Peptoniphilus
  • Phascolarctobacterium
  • Porphyromonadaceae
  • Porphyromonas
  • Prevotella
  • Rikenellaceae
  • Roseburia
  • Rubrivivax
  • Ruminiclostridium
  • Ruminococcaceae
  • Ruminococcus
  • Streptococcus
  • Turicibacter
  • Veillonella
    		•
    METABOLOMICS