Lactobacillus rhamnosus

RANK: Species

TAXONOMY: Terrabacteria group -> Firmicutes -> Bacilli -> Lactobacillales -> Lactobacillaceae -> Lactobacillus -> Lactobacillus rhamnosus

OVERVIEW:

This probiotic strain is known for its ability to survive passage through the GI tract and is thought to be among the best Lactobacillus strains for vaginal health. It also loves to travel to foreign places; that is, a review of research on probiotics finds that Americans traveling from New York, NY, to developing countries and taking L. rhamnosus had a 3.9 percent rate of diarrhea, compared to a 7.4 percent rate for those not taking a probiotic. A second review of research concluded that L. rhamnosus may help improve vaginal and urinary health and decrease vaginal irritation. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were orally administrated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) for 13 weeks. Significant reductions in the weights of the liver, mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissues were observed in LGG-treated HFD-fed mice compared to LGG-non-treated controls. The serum levels of triglyceride and cholesterol were also significantly reduced in LGG-treated mice. Gut microbial composition analysis showed that shifts in the diversity of dominant gut bacteria were caused by HFD and restored by LGG treatment. A remarkable decrease of hepatic fat content was also observed in LGG-treated mice, accompanied by downregulated expressions of lipogenic and pro-inflammatory genes in the liver. LGG-treated mice had lower expression levels of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis, but conversely, higher expression levels of cholesterol efflux-related genes compared to LGG-non-treated controls. The cholesterol-lowering effect of LGG was also found to be mediated by suppression of FXR and FGF15 signaling, resulting in the upregulation of hepatic CYP7A1. [PMID: 27018382] The ability of certain probiotic bacteria, such as L. rhamnosus (JB-1), to influence emotional behavior in mice has been shown to be mediated via GABA receptors. Identified as a constituent of the oral microbiome by Human Oral Microbiome Database. Scientists from University College Cork to show that mice fed a broth containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus were far less likely to relapse into 'behavioral despair' when dropped into a tall cylinder, from which there was no escape, than mice without these microbes.

This species has been identified as a resident in the human gastrointestinal tract based on the phylogenetic framework of its small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences.[PMC 4262072]

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) are taken up by gut microbiota and contain RNAs that alter microbiome composition and host physiology. Ginger ELNs (GELNs) are preferentially taken up by Lactobacillaceae in a GELN lipid-dependent manner and contain microRNAs that target various genes in Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG). Among these, GELN mdo-miR7267-3p-mediated targeting of the LGG monooxygenase ycnE yields increased indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A). GELN-RNAs or I3A, a ligand for aryl hydrocarbon receptor, are sufficient to induce production of IL-22, which is linked to barrier function improvement. These functions of GELN-RNAs can ameliorate mouse colitis via IL-22-dependent mechanisms. [PMID: 30449315]


Food fermenter
Probiotic
Gut associated
Oral microbiome
Vaginal microbiome
INTERACTIONS

Lactobacillus rhamnosus inhibits growth of
  • Clostridioides difficile
  • Enterococcus
  • METABOLOMICS   
    Substrates/ Growth Factors
  • D-Glucose
  • Ellagic acid [parent]
  • D-Glucose [parent]
  • CO2 [parent]
  • α-Glucan [parent]
  • Sucrose

  • Metabolic Endproducts
  • Acetylcholine [parent]
  • γ-Amino butyric acid (GABA) [parent]
  • Trimethylamine [parent]
  • Lactic acid [parent]
  • Urolithins [parent]
  • Lactate [parent]
  • Lactic acid
  • Vitamin B12 [parent]
  • Indole-3-aldehyde (I3A)

  • Growth Inhibited by
  • Stevia [parent]
  • Laminaria hyperborea (curvie) [parent]
  • Chemotherapy [parent]
  • Magnesium-deficient diet [parent]
  • Glyphosphate [parent]
  • High fat diet [parent]
  • Sucralose (Splenda) [parent]

  • Growth Enhanced By
  • Sesame cake/meal [parent]
  • Almonds/ almond skins [parent]
  • Naringenin
  • Navy bean (Cooked) [parent]
  • Magnesium [parent]
  • Daesiho-tang (DSHT) [parent]
  • Resveratrol [parent]
  • Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) [parent]
  • Laminaria digitata (oarweed) [parent]
  • Melatonin [parent]

  • Biotransforms
  • Linoleic acid (LA) [parent]
  • Linolenic acid (CLnA) [parent]
  • Ginger

  • Transform Product
  • 10‐Hydroxy‐cis‐12‐octadecenoate (HYA) [parent]
  • Trans-11 conjugate linoleic acid (CLA) [parent]
  • Cis-9 conjugate linoleic acid (CLA) [parent]
  • Cis-15 conjugate linolenic acids (CLnA) [parent]
  • Cis-9 conjugate linolenic acids (CLnA) [parent]
  • 10-Hydroxyoctadecanoate (HYB) [parent]
  • Trans-11 conjugate linolenic acids (CLnA) [parent]