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Streptococcus mutans

RANK: Species

TAXONOMY: Terrabacteria group -> Firmicutes -> Bacilli -> Lactobacillales -> Streptococcaceae -> Streptococcus -> Streptococcus mutans

OVERVIEW:

Belongs to a phenotypic group called the mutans streptococci which include S. sobrinus, S. ferus, S. cricetus, S. rattus and serotype 'h' [4]. Phylogenetically distinct from other species of Streptococcus.Colonies are whitish about 0.5 to 1 mm that stick to the agar. When media is supplemented with sucrose, puddles of liquid (e.g., soluble extracellular polysaccharide) surround the colonies.Commonly detected oÃƒâ€šÃ‚Ân human teeth in supragingival plaque, and usually associated with caries. Has been isolated from human feces.Strong association with human dental caries, considered the primary cause of caries, although caries can occur in the absence of S. mutans. Also associated with endodontic lesions, odontogenic infections, infectious endocarditis and cardiovascular disease [2]Is carogenic in experimental animals (rats, hamsters, gerbils, mice and monkey.Vaccines which target S. mutans are being developed to prevent caries formation [1].Identified as a constituent of the oral microbiome by Human Oral Microbiome Database. Identified as constituent of vaginal microbiome. [PMID:23282177]

This species has been identified as a resident in the human gastrointestinal tract based on the phylogenetic framework of its small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences.[PMC 4262072]

COGEM

COGEM released a comprehensive database of pathogenicity assessment of around 2575 bacterial species in 2011. The database ranks the pathogenicity of species on a scale of 1 to 4. Streptococcus mutans ranks on this scale:

TAGS >

Keystone	Core species	Type species	Pathogen	Dysbiosis associated	Flora/ commensal	Gut associated	Probiotic
Leanness	Obesity	Skin microbiome	Fecal distribution	Oral microbiome	Vaginal microbiome	Butyrate producer	Catalase producer
Histamine producer	Food fermenter	Amylolytic	Propionate producer	Nitrifying	Biofilm producer

INTERACTIONS ENHANCES Bacteroidales Bacteroides Odoribacter Peptococcaceae INHIBITS Bifidobacterium Coriobacteriales Adlercreutzia Collinsella Porphyromonas Prevotella Clostridium Clostridiales incertae sedis Clostridiales Family XIII. Incertae Sedis Blautia Coprococcus Dorea Lachnospiraceae Ruminococcaceae Ruminococcus Dialister Campylobacteraceae Erysipelotrichaceae	KEGG PATHWAYS CLUSTERS WITH Group 149 Streptococcus mutans Lactobacillus salivarius Group 22 Streptococcus mutans Lactobacillus salivarius Porphyromonas gingivalis Streptococcus sanguinis Streptococcus pyogenes Treponema denticola Streptococcus gordonii Streptococcus suis Gramella forsetii Group 4 Streptococcus mutans Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lactobacillus salivarius Lactobacillus acidophilus Bifidobacterium adolescentis Streptococcus thermophilus Lactobacillus gasseri Pediococcus pentosaceus Clostridium perfringens Listeria innocua Lactobacillus sakei Bifidobacterium longum Lactobacillus johnsonii Streptococcus sanguinis Lactobacillus casei Lactobacillus brevis Streptococcus gordonii Lactobacillus delbrueckii Group 47 Streptococcus mutans Porphyromonas gingivalis Streptococcus sanguinis Treponema denticola Campylobacter concisus Fusobacterium nucleatum Streptococcus gordonii Campylobacter curvus Propionibacterium acnes Group 15 Streptococcus mutans Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lactobacillus salivarius Lactobacillus johnsonii Streptococcus thermophilus Oenococcus oeni Listeria monocytogenes Lactobacillus brevis Hahella chejuensis Pediococcus pentosaceus Listeria innocua Lactobacillus delbrueckii Lactobacillus sakei	METABOLOMICS NUTRIENTS/ SUBSTRATES D-Glucose [parent] ENDPRODUCTS 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, Serotonin) [parent] Lactic acid [parent] INHIBITED BY Thyme oil [parent] Peppermint oil [parent] Lemongrass oil [parent] Navy bean (Cooked) [parent] Garlic (allicin) [parent] Resistant starch (type IV) [parent] Cinnamon bark oil [parent] Aloe vera [parent] Stevia [parent] Hyocyamine [parent] Epicatechin (+)-Catechin Lactobacillus reuteri Berberine [parent] ENHANCED BY Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) [parent] BIOTRANSFORMS BIOTRANFORM
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE See Parent Genus (Streptococcus)	BIOFILM FORMERS See Parent Genus (Streptococcus)	COGEM PATHOGENICITY See Parent Genus (Streptococcus)