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AkkermansiaRANK: GenusTAXONOMY: Bacteria -> PVC group -> Verrucomicrobia -> Verrucomicrobiae -> Verrucomicrobiales -> Akkermansiaceae -> Akkermansia OVERVIEW: 'Akkermansia' is a genus in the phylum Verrucomicrobia (Bacteria). The genus was first proposed in 2004 by Muriel Derrien and others, with the type species Akkermansia muciniphila (gen. nov., sp. nov). Akkermansia is another leanness building microbe. Scientists give it to fat mice and it alters their body fat composition, decreases body fat, improves blood sugars, lowers LPS and endotoxemia, reduces several inflammatory markers, decreases liver function tests, fixes faulty intestinal permeability, increases HDL cholesterol, decreases TGs, and even improves the signs and symptoms of fatty liver/NASH (non-alcoholic steatosis hepatitis). Like Christensenella it is find in abundance in lean, non-diabetic subjects. Those with diabetes have low amounts. Weight loss and administration of the insulin sensitizing drug metformin appears to raise Akkermansia. Elite rugby players on the Irish national team who eat a 'clean', whole food, high protein diet have elevated levels of Akk. Cranberry extract which is high in polyphenols, and other flavonoid-rich foods, including green and black teas raise Akk levels. Oval-shaped cells, occurring singly, in pairs, and rarely in chains, about 0.6 µm × 0.7 µm. Gram-stain-negative. Nonmotile. Strictly anaerobic. Colonies are distinct, whitish in color, and reach maximum size on 0.75% agar plates after 6 d of incubation. Cells grow optimally at 37°C and pH 6.5. Growth is chemoorganotrophic and restricted to a small number of sugars. Acetate, propionate, and ethanol are the major fermentation products from mucin. Mucolytic in pure culture.DNA G+C content (mol%): 47.6. Type species: Akkermansia muciniphila This genus contains microbial species that can reside in the human gastrointestinal tract. [PMC 4262072] Decreased metabolic disorders. Akkermansia Is enhanced by a ketogenic diet in mice, and bacterial cross-feeding decreases gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity: inhibiting gamma-glutamylation promotes seizure protection in vivo. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.027
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