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KluyveraRANK: GenusTAXONOMY: cellular organisms -> Bacteria -> Proteobacteria -> Gammaproteobacteria -> Enterobacteriales -> Enterobacteriaceae -> Kluyvera OVERVIEW: Enterobacteriaceae like Kluyvera are not very friendly and tend to thrive in the inflamed gut. Small rod-shaped cells, 0.5–0.7 × 2–3 µm, conforming to the general definition of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Gram negative. Motile, with peritrichous flagella. Contains the enterobacterial common antigen. Facultatively anaerobic. Catalase positive (weak). Oxidase negative. Nonpigmented. Ferment, rather than oxidize, d-glucose and other carbohydrates. Reduce nitrate to nitrite. Positive for indole production, methyl red, citrate utilization (Simmons), ornithine decarboxylase, motility at 36°C, growth in the presence of cyanide (KCN test), malonate utilization, and esculin hydrolysis. Ferment d-glucose, lactose, sucrose, d-mannitol, salicin, l-arabinose, raffinose, l-rhamnose, maltose, d-xylose, trehalose, cellobiose, α-methyl-d-glucoside, melibiose, mucate, d-mannose, and d-galactose. Produce visible gas during fermentation. Produce large amounts of α-ketoglutaric acid during the fermentation of d-glucose. Negative for Voges–Proskauer, H2S production (TSI), urea hydrolysis, phenylalanine deaminase, arginine dihydrolase, gelatin hydrolysis (22°C), lipase (corn oil), DNase, and the fermentation of dulcitol, adonitol, myo-inositol, erythritol, and d-arabitol. Susceptible to colistin, sulfadiazine, gentamicin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol (disk diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton agar); resistant to carbenicillin; penicillin, ampicillin, and cephalothin; variable susceptibility to nalidixic acid and streptomycin.The mol% G + C of the DNA is: 55.1–56.6.Type species: Kluyvera ascorbata This genus contains microbial species that can reside in the human gastrointestinal tract. [PMC 4262072]
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