Streptococcus mutans
RANK: Species
TAXONOMY: Terrabacteria group -> Firmicutes -> Bacilli -> Lactobacillales -> Streptococcaceae -> Streptococcus -> Streptococcus mutans
OVERVIEW:
Belongs to a phenotypic group called the mutans streptococci which include S. sobrinus, S. ferus, S. cricetus, S. rattus and serotype 'h' [4]. Phylogenetically distinct from other species of Streptococcus.Colonies are whitish about 0.5 to 1 mm that stick to the agar. When media is supplemented with sucrose, puddles of liquid (e.g., soluble extracellular polysaccharide) surround the colonies.Commonly detected oÂÂÂn human teeth in supragingival plaque, and usually associated with caries. Has been isolated from human feces.Strong association with human dental caries, considered the primary cause of caries, although caries can occur in the absence of S. mutans. Also associated with endodontic lesions, odontogenic infections, infectious endocarditis and cardiovascular disease [2]Is carogenic in experimental animals (rats, hamsters, gerbils, mice and monkey.Vaccines which target S. mutans are being developed to prevent caries formation [1].Identified as a constituent of the oral microbiome by Human Oral Microbiome Database. Identified as constituent of vaginal microbiome. [PMID:23282177]
This species has been identified as a resident in the human gastrointestinal tract based on the phylogenetic framework of its small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences.[PMC 4262072]
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